TYPE 1 DIABETES
When the immune system wrongly targets and destroys the cells in the pancreas that make insulin, type 1 diabetes develops. A hormone called insulin controls blood sugar levels by allowing glucose (sugar) to enter cells and be converted into energy. Without insulin, glucose builds up in the blood, resulting in elevated blood sugar levels that may have detrimental effects on one’s health.
Although it can happen in adults, type 1 diabetes typically manifests in childhood or adolescence. Type 1 diabetes is thought to be brought on by a mix of genetic and environmental factors, while the specific cause remains unknown. In order to control their blood sugar levels, people with type 1 diabetes need insulin injections or an insulin pump because their pancreas is unable to create enough insulin on its own.
Through the use of a blood test that analyses blood sugar levels, type 1 diabetes is identified. Insulin therapy, which may entail a number of daily injections or the use of an insulin pump, is the primary form of treatment for type 1 diabetes. Additionally, it’s critical to periodically check blood sugar levels and adopt good lifestyle habits like eating right and exercising frequently.
Increased thirst and urination, blurry vision, exhaustion, weight loss, and recurrent infections are all signs of type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes may cause major problems such as nerve damage, renal damage, and cardiovascular disease if it is not managed.
Although managing type 1 diabetes properly can be difficult, it is still possible to have a full and active life. To develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses unique requirements and goals, closely working with a healthcare professional is vital. Additionally, type 1 diabetes patients should be aware of and take precautions against any long-term effects of the condition, such as damage to the eyes, kidneys, and nerves.
TYPE 2 DIABETES
In type 2 diabetes, the body either grows resistant to insulin or produces insufficient amounts of the hormone to maintain healthy blood sugar levels. Glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream is transported by the hormone insulin into the body’s cells, where it is used as fuel. Glucose builds up in the bloodstream and raises blood sugar levels when the body develops resistance to insulin or doesn’t make enough of it.
90–95% of all instances of diabetes are type 2, making it the most prevalent kind. Although genetics and other variables can also play a role in the disease’s onset, it is typically linked to obesity, lack of exercise, and bad lifestyle choices.
Increased thirst and urination, blurred vision, exhaustion, infections that take longer to heal, and tingling or numbness in the hands or feet are just a few signs of type 2 diabetes. Some individuals with type 2 diabetes, however, might not have any symptoms at all.
Treatment for type 2 diabetes typically involves dietary and activity modifications, as well as weight loss if necessary. To assist in controlling blood sugar levels, doctors may also prescribe medications like metformin and insulin. Regular blood sugar monitoring is required, and depending on the results, modifications to the treatment plan may be required.
Living with type 2 diabetes can be difficult, but it is possible to have a full and active life with the right management and self-care. To develop a specialized treatment plan that caters to their unique requirements and objectives, people with type 2 diabetes must collaborate closely with their healthcare team. They must also be aware of the disease’s potential side effects and take precautions against them, such as controlling their blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and weight.
